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de facto - Dictionary Entry

de facto

Part of Speech

Adverb, Adjective

Pronunciation

Latin: /deː ˈfak.toː/

English Approximation: /di ˈfæk.toʊ/ or /deɪ ˈfæk.toʊ/

Definitions

  1. In reality or fact, regardless of official status.
  2. Existing in practice but not officially established by law.

Usage Examples

  • Although not officially recognized, he was the de facto leader of the organization.
  • English serves as the de facto international language of business.

Etymology

From Latin: de ("of" or "from") + facto ("fact" - ablative case of factum, meaning "done" or "accomplished"). Literally translates to "from fact" or "in reality."

Synonyms

  • in practice
  • in reality
  • actual
  • unofficial

Antonyms

  • de jure (by law)
  • nominal
  • official

Translations

Language Translation Pronunciation
Spanishde hecho/de ˈetʃo/
Frenchde fait/də fɛ/
Germantatsächlich/tatˈzɛːçlɪç/
Italiandi fatto/di ˈfatto/
Russianфактически/fɐkˈtʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
Chinese事实上/shì shí shàng/
Hindiवास्तव में/vāstav mein/
Japanese事実上/jijitsu jō/
Arabicفعلياً/fiʿliyyan/
Tamilநிகழ்வில்/nigaṟvil/
Teluguనిజంగా/nijangā/

Regional Pronunciation Variations

Classical Latin pronounces it as /deː ˈfak.toː/, while English speakers commonly use /di ˈfæk.toʊ/ or /deɪ ˈfæk.toʊ/.

Historical Usage

First recorded use in medieval Latin legal contexts to describe authority or governance exercised in practice but without legal legitimacy.

Cultural Nuances

The phrase is commonly used in political and legal discourse to contrast with de jure (by law).

More Information

In modern contexts, de facto governance is frequently discussed in international law, where a ruler or regime may hold power without formal legal recognition.

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